Comparative Models of Counselling

A report that reflects on Person Centred Therapy and considers how this deterrent example could be incorporated alongside the core model of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in my current Counselling Practice. I reflected on Person-centred Therapy (pct) as the comparative model because of the conflict that exists between this and Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). The conflict is historical, political and from man-to-manised experience. In therapy twenty years ago I became frustrated with my pleaders psyche-centred hail. I argufyd my counsellor to provide me with to a greater extent give and help.I and so had preconceived ideas of pct which may be similar to stereotypical idea of these models. It was excessively warm, completely non-directive and only reflected back to the invitee, which I found frustrating. I understand now it was because my coping style was externalised and I had no consider over external events, which suited a more direct management approach. So, how wo uld this influence my utilise as a counsellor? In hypothetic terms and in observed practice I appreciated the benefits of share for its empathetic understanding and for lymph glands who require a non-directive approach to gain ablaze aw beness.Presenting issues that locoweed be helped by PTS be bereavement, drug and alcohol issues, depression, consternation and anxiety, eating difficulties, egotism-harm, childhood sexual abuse (Tolan and Wilkins, 2012). I have utilise the model affectively for bereavement and sexual abuse as an offer of a direction would have been in prehend and incongruent at the time. My preconceptions of CBT were solution focused, dispute and that low intensity based handlings ignore the knobs previous(prenominal). I face competent in using certain behavioural intervention in my practice and challenge maladaptive thinking patterns in school terms.CBT is a medical model and although we have been taught the disadvantages to diagnoses, CBT is seen as the treatment of choice for some(prenominal) presenting problems due to the amount of empirical evidence available. These ar anxiety disorders, panic, phobias, psychoneurotic disorder, PTSD, bulimia and depression as identified by NICE (NICE, 2008, Accessed online 27/06/201). This report reflects on the appropriate use of the models. Stereotypes have some factor of truth, merely at the same time, are non the truths. I treasured to understand the similarities and parallels while respecting the fact that, in practise, I use twain models.I didnt want to do a bit of apiece badly, plainly use a model in full at the appropriate time and understand my causal agency for doing so (Casemore, and Tud focusing, 2012). Both per centum and CBT are deeply rooted in the same philosophical underpinning of humanism, existentialism, and two are phenomenology dissolveicularly to the nature of misfortunate. However, on that point are differences in the understanding and rendering of th e philosophy. Both approaches view a person as continually pursuance product and self-actualisation. There are incompatible beliefs between the models. (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012).PCT observes that seeking crop and self-actualisation is a way of being and in itself redress. Rogers professed that there were six prerequisite assures for cure growth that alone were sufficient to lead to a fully functioning person. The somebody is the sustain expert who bear determine their hold travel of their reality and can heal themselves with the core, being the relationship itself. The social structure of the self includes self-concept and introjected beliefs. PCT communicates acceptance of the guests hold experience and encourages then to identify alternate choices.It is a continual journey of self-awareness and know guidege, with the drive always towards growth (Mearns & Thorne, 2012). CBT views growth and self-actualisation as a shared goal of therapy to be reached with a set of tools, to be utilize in therapy. CBTs view comes from Ellis who defines a person as ill-judged and demythologized. In CBT terms dysfunctional beliefs are similar to introjected beliefs and led to distortion in the self-concept. The irrational causes distress and rational directs the individual to fully functioning. CBT primary belief is self distortion and the lick of cognitive dissonance.Interventions such as the ABCDE framework are used to challenge and dispute irrational thinking and are aimed at increasing lymph nodes self-awareness and self-understanding. CBT sees the relationship as more collaborative and facilitates brand- new-made learning. An individuals construct of reality is dimensional and irrationality stops the lymph gland from changing. Therefore, a persons drive is not always towards growth (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). A similarity of both approaches is the understanding of self-worth and unconditional self-acceptance. The nature of suffering is seen the same. Humans are flawed, imperfect and we cause our own disturbance.Both see the client as the expert in the relationship. Authenticity is of great importance to both PCT and CBT as is the therapeutic relationship. It is the emphasis on the deal of stir, to set about oneself, where the differences in two models lie (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). From a PCT prospect a client discovers some hidden aspect of them self that they werent aware of previously and moves towards a greater degree of acceptance of self by being prized by the therapist (unconditional positive regard), have a sense of realness (genuineness) and listen to them self (empathy).A client moves towards seeing new meaning. These throws are characteristic of therapeutic movement. The client moves along a continuum from harsh structure to flow which can be seen in the seven stages of therapeutic modify. Rogers term was organismic experiencing which was interpersonal in the therapeutic relationship through with(pre dicate) and through unconditional positive regard and intrapersonal within the client accepting a new experience into their awareness (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). In PCT, the process of kind there are different corrective experiences for a client.For me practising with a client group from a womens refuge I use PCT and Rogers condition-of-worth. The incongruence between the self-concept and authentic self is evident due to the abuse. This creation of a false self is corrected with unconditional positive regard, empathy and genuineness. Process supposition is where, change in the experience of feelings and the recognition that the client is the reason of their own construct occurs. The therapeutic change has a developmental sequence.There is a change in the clients manner of experiencing feelings and recognition of being the creator of their own constructs, accepting responsibility and in relating to others clean-cutly and freely. This is compatible with the condition of worth. A person moves with acceptance to a fully functioning person. The persons overall way of being is changed. Relating to a congruent therapist, the client learns to be open and congruent themselves (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012). Unblocking or Focusing is where the self-correcting, self-healing process of the organism is blocked.The person cant refer inwardly, focus on feelings or articulate meaning. They have a rigid self-concept. Empathic hearing within the therapeutic relationship opens the issue to re-examination and unblocks the person self-healing process. There is an interaction between the feeling and the attention the client brings to create a new meaning. This is Gendlins snarl sense, an unexpected feeling of flow. The client becomes an active self-healer who has been felt heard and understood (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).In practice building Meaning connect new understanding which identifying introjects imposed by others who imposed external systems of regard as has b een paramount because of the external pressure that have be imposed through a close relationship. Internal opposing voices can be accepted, examined and resolute through compromise and collaborative solution. Until now, I saw this as CBT but can now see this as PCT with Rogerss indispensable and sufficient conditions of therapeutic change all that is needed for the process of change and this change occurs without engaging in cognitive process, but in the trice (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).I am able to draw personal parallels from watching Rogers session with Gloria. Gloria wanted an answer from Rogers. In the session she found it for herself, even though she actively interpreted that he had helped her to the decision even though he hadnt. She makes the decision of honesty for herself. Although non-directive, Rogerss session had a focused, this was of self-healing and self-direction. Refuting the belief that the person-centred way is only to reflect back to the client. The warmth from the counsellor is also part of the process of condition of worth.This helps me challenge my preconceived ideas and understand what is happening in practice. In practise, I am aware from a CBT perspective the therapeutic approach can teach clients new skills. The therapist is regarded as more of a coach. The client benefits from new skills and perspectives which facilitate the learning and have a sense of efficacy. I have used CBT to look at particular problem behaviours and conceptualise them as having cognitive, affective, behavioural and physiological elements each of which can have a legitimate target for intervention and can be check for validity (Castonguay, & Hill, 2012).The process of change occurs in practice as old ways are challenged through exposure exercise, behavioural experiments and cognitive restructuring techniques. Change occurs in the therapeutic setting or out-of-door in a person everyday life. It may require repeating to produce a lasting effect and reduce maladapted patterns. This is where CBT and PCT are similar as this requires a strong therapeutic alliance, but CBT literary work takes this as a given and may be a reason it is criticised. Clients are taught emotional regulation and basic functioning skills, such as problem-solving skills, breathing relaxation and active coping.Specific interventions are then used to activate and foster the therapeutic relationship, such as cost benefit analysis, mundane thought records, and in vivo exposure. Aligning clients goals with interventions in a formulation develops the therapeutic alliance and collaborates with the client, with hypothesis-testing strategies used to undergo the process of change Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). CBT is focused on corrective experiences and facilitates through interventions rather than challenging a client.It respects the importance of the therapeutic relationship and uses Rogers core conditions but does not see the conditions as sufficient. In-depth schema focused CBT takes the therapy to a deeper level and deals with past issues, than the low intensity offered by the NHS. Again my preconceptions are challenged for the benefit of my practice. I can see how the two models are not rivals, as Roger Casemore and Jeremy Tudway point in their book Person-centred Therapy and CBT, and that sibling as a metaphor works well (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012).For me, the therapeutic relationship and the advanced empathy required in PCT are important in my practise along with the core conditions in order to create change. Rogers believes interventions as wrong, from a philosophical point of view, as the client always having to lead the therapy. This is because Rogers sees a person as having unlimited potential. For me, CBT in offering intervention and gentle coaching helps a client on their journey to self-healing and a seed can be planted and therapeutic change can happen outside the counselling session.I support the views not all humans hav e the same drive and there is an unconscious element to being rational or irrational. It is a more real idea and not as optimistic as Rogers. It is manifestation of this therapeutic change and this idea that supports the use of CBT in my practise (Casemore, and Tudway, 2012). The BACP honorable framework has been written with Rogers core conditions in see. Therefore, PCT offers the client and the therapist the need to fulfil the principles of self-care, of being trustworthy and providing autonomy.As to the personal moral qualities the PCT requires the therapist to have advanced empathy. CBT has been criticised for focusing too much on the intervention and not being of beneficence. In CBT extra competence in the implementation of the intervention is required, so the criticism of the technique becoming the therapy cannot be applied . In writing this report and in my practise, I feel the difference are enough not to combine the models, but that each model can go into the same toolkit and used separately in the same session with a client.With the collaborative element in mind and further reading I am interested in the approach by Mick Cooper and John McLeod. The pluralistic perspective which believes individual clients would benefit from different therapeutic methods used at different points in time. Therapist would work collaboratively with clients. Help them identify what they want from therapy and how this can be achieved. It leaves the question of the process of therapy integration in practice open for debate. (Cooper, and McLeod, 2010, Assessed Online26/06/13).